NRS 433 Week 2 Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Assessment Description
In this assignment, you will write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies.
For this assignment, use the nursing practice problem and two qualitative peer-reviewed research articles you identified in Topic 1 (or two new articles based on instructor feedback in Topic 1). In a 1,000-1,250-word essay, summarize two qualitative studies.
Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part I” document to organize your essay.
You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Attachments
NRS-433V-RS-T2-ResearchCritiqueGuidelinesPart I.docx
Also Read:
NRS 433 Week 3 Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique
Research Critique Guidelines – Part I Qualitative Studies Sample Approach
The problem of interest is pressure ulcers among elderly and critically ill patients. Pressure ulcers are injuries to pressure areas caused by prolonged exposure to pressure, primarily due to a lack of turning. Critically ill and elderly patients have serious musculoskeletal issues, are mostly unconscious, and face coordination problems. Studies show that elderly and critically ill patients report the highest prevalence of pressure ulcers and are prone to severe pressure ulcers.
Pressure ulcers are prone to infections, and such pressure ulcers take long periods to heal due to the decreased blood supply to the skin. Pressure ulcers can progress to gangrene and affect bones such as the sacrum and calcaneus (heel bone) (Bazaliński et al., 2018). According to Bazaliński et al. (2018), infections to bone, skin, and muscle secondary to pressure ulcers are always serious and carry an increased risk of patient death.
Patient turning and routine skin care are the standard procedures in patient care. Nurses turn patients, wash, massage, and apply skin care products (Mitchell et al., 2018). The procedure can be effective when carried out routinely. However, patient turning is difficult, especially due to the global nursing staff shortage, and patient conditions such as injuries limit the procedure’s application.
Pressure ulcer prevalence is a safety and care quality indicator in healthcare institutions showing the importance of managing it. Pressure ulcers thus pose a threat to patient safety and patient care outcomes hence the need for care interventions that reduce pressure ulcers. The goal is to relieve pressure off the vulnerable areas and promote proper circulation in pressure areas to prevent pressure ulcer development.
The PICOT question of interest is “Among critically ill and elderly patients, does using ripple mattresses compared to usual care prevent pressure ulcers and improve their management?”
Background of Studies
Sachs et al. (2018) evaluated how nurses prevent pressure ulcers for patients undergoing subacute rehabilitation after severe brain injury. The article aimed to observe the healthcare professional’s intent to prevent pressure ulcers. The article adds to existing knowledge and helps determine gaps in care delivery and patient safety. It points out the factors affecting pressure ulcers; “mobility, perfusion, skin/pressure ulcer status, skin hydration, age, hematological measures, nutrition, and general health” (Sachs et al., 2018).
The study shows a gap between national guidelines in preventing pressure ulcers and implementing these interventions. A major research question in this study was to determine professionals’ utilization of evidence-based strategies recommended by the relevant bodies and institution leadership.
Gasper et al. (2018) studied the perceptions of 11 Portuguese nurses’ stakeholders regarding pressure ulcer prevention practice and reality in the hospital setting. The study focused on understanding how nurses perceive pressure prevention. The themes evaluated were PU risk assessment, monitoring, profiles, and effective interventions to improve patient safety. The research question was to determine if nursing knowledge and practices were adequate to prevent pressure ulcers.
The article evaluated current professional and institutional practices that aim to improve care delivery. The propeller of the study was the constantly high prevalence of pressure ulcers in healthcare settings, which indicates poor healthcare service delivery. The study identifies that healthcare institutions and relevant bodies develop evidence-based strategies, but the prevalence of pressure ulcers remains high, hence the need to evaluate the reasons. The article is significant to nursing because it unearths the major causes of the underutilization of evidence-based strategies developed.
How Do These Two Articles Support the Nursing Practice Problem You Chose?
Sachs et al. (2018) support the problem by identifying one of the most common problems in healthcare settings that negatively impact patient safety and care quality. The article also shows the importance of caring for critical care patients while ensuring they do not develop pressure ulcers. It also shows that pressure ulcers are expensive healthcare events and are prevalent in primary and secondary care. The articles show that severe brain injury affects consciousness and subsequent mobility, and patients require assistance with turning to prevent them from developing pressure ulcers.
The study identifies that the problem can be managed through professional evaluation/ assessment, clinical practices, and interactions with the patient. The study will thus be used to explain the importance of the intervention in critically ill patients and help determine the effectiveness of routine versus selected intervention. The article provides a template for the evaluation n of the effectiveness of the intervention by determining if it is evidence-based, acceptable, and increases patient interaction (Sachs et al., 2018).
Gaspar et al. (2018) also support the nursing practice problem of pressure ulcers. It identifies that pressure ulcers affect patients in all healthcare settings. The article also shows that the problem exists in healthcare institutions and that nurses play a vital role in preventing these pressure ulcers. The article evaluates themes related to the problem, as shall be discussed later in this paper. The article also states that pressure ulcers lead to poor quality of life, which is costly yet avoidable.
The article emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals’ efforts in preventing pressure ulcers. The global burden of pressure ulcers is rising, and current interventions begin prevention in patient assessment to management of these pressure ulcers. The article supports the nursing practice problem and states that despite the goring body of research and evidence-based practices, the prevalence of pressure ulcers is rising, making it a growing concern requiring containment. The article will thus be used to determine the reasons for the current practices’ failure and what changes the new intervention will bring to pressure ulcers.
There was no intervention or comparison group for the two articles because no intervention was implemented. Gasper et al. (2018) evaluated pressure ulcer prevention among nursing stakeholders, who are the implementors and evaluators of the desired intervention. Sachs et al. (2018) evaluated four patients in a rehabilitation unit after severe brain injury. In addition, Sachs et al. (2018) used a population akin to the population of interest: critically ill and elderly patients. The two articles thus differ in their study participants.
Method of Studies
Sachs et al. (2018) utilized a qualitative and non-participant observational study. A major limitation of the study relates to bias in collecting and entering data. The participants understand they are being observed; thus, their performance may not be affected by being watched. Observations also fail to capture all details in a research study where the researcher does not participate. In addition, they enter and report data based on their understanding which could be wrong.
Non-participant observational studies are extremely difficult and uncomfortable for the researcher and subjects. Gasper et al. (2018) utilized an in-depth qualitative interview using semi-structured interviews with nursing stakeholders. In-depth interviews are suitable qualitative research methods but time-consuming because they require transcription, organization, and analysis and require experienced interviewers to succeed (Coleman, 2019).
Results of Studies
Sachs et al. (2018) identified four vital themes in pressure ulcer prevention: “professionalism expressed by implemented intervention, patient involvement, feasible clinical practices, and professional pride.” The study showed that evidence-based practices are available, but their utilization to promote better patient outcomes is questionable. These themes should be considered when implementing any healthcare intervention.
As mentioned earlier, Gasper et al. (2018) focused on four themes on which they collected data from the nurses. Regarding motivations, “interest, responsibility, autonomy, leadership, and prioritization” were the major contributing factors. Concerning competence/awareness/knowledge theme, “Braden scale operationalization, undergraduate degree education, continuous professional education, missing care, and reliability of patient records and clinical characteristics” were the major contributing factors.
More so, “understaffing, health policies, EHRs and clinical language used, access to appropriate resources (equipment and staff), teamwork, and specialist availability” were the major factors identified as opportunity areas.
Ethical Considerations
Ethical considerations in research include respect for persons that entails informed consent and full disclosure. Hasan et al. (2021) note that all research participants should be given information regarding the research, after which they consent or decline participation. Research should also be based on voluntary participation, and no participant should be deceived or coerced into participating in any research study (Hasan et al., 2021).
Any risk for harm should be disclosed, and no information should be concealed. In addition, an internal review board should review any research intervention for which the author is affiliated/studies/works—for example, education institutions, healthcare institutions, and private research bodies’ internal review boards. Dissemination of information is also critical. Any information given to research professionals should be used for the intended purposes only to enhance confidentiality. In addition, information should be deidentified to maintain anonymity.
The researchers in these two articles ensured internal review boards in their respective institutions before they proceeded with the studies. All their participants were informed before their participation, and informed consent was sought from the nurses and the patients. Sachs et al. (2018) did it give informed consent because the patients did not meet the criteria for giving informed consent.
The participant information was also deidentified in both studies, and no participant information could lead to their discovery. The researchers also published their articles for educational purposes and in reputable journals. Thus, the research studies followed the ethical considerations using human subjects.
Conclusion
Qualitative studies present vital perspectives into patient care and nursing practice problems’ mitigation. Pressure ulcers, the problem of interest, affects patient safety and negatively impact patients’ health and quality of life. The major interest is pressure ulcers among elderly and critically ill patients in healthcare facilities.
The two qualitative studies present vital perspectives to pressure ulcer prevention, such as factors leading to increased prevalence and those preventing success I n their management. They add to the nursing knowledge and clinical practice, and using their perspectives will enhance the management of the practice problem and implementation of the PICOT.
References
Bazaliński, D., Więch, P., Kaczmarska, D., Sałacińska, I., & Kózka, M. (2018). Use of controlled negative pressure in the management of phlegmon caused by a fulminant complication of pressure wound: A case report. Medicine, 97(28), e11319. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000011319
Coleman, P. (2019). In-depth interviewing as a research method in healthcare practice and education: Value, limitations, and considerations. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(3).
Gaspar, S., Botelho Guedes, F., Vitoriano Budri, A. M., Ferreira, C., & Gaspar de Matos, M. (2022). Hospital‐acquired pressure ulcer prevention: What is needed for patient safety? The perceptions of nurse stakeholders. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 36(4), 978-987. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12995
Hasan, N., Rana, R. U., Chowdhury, S., Dola, A. J., & Rony, M. K. K. (2021). Ethical considerations in research. Journal of Nursing Research, Patient Safety and Practise (JNRPSP) 2799-1210, 1(01), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.55529/jnrpsp11.1.4
Mitchell A. (2018). Adult pressure area care: preventing pressure ulcers. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 27(18), 1050–1052. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2018.27.18.1050
Sachs, M. B., Wolffbrandt, M. M., & Poulsen, I. (2018). Prevention of pressure ulcers in patients undergoing subacute rehabilitation after severe brain injury: An observational study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(13-14), 2776-2784. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14266
RUBRIC
Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations – Rubric
Qualitative Studies
Qualitative Studies
- Target
Two articles are presented. Both articles are based on qualitative research.
Two articles are presented. Of the articles presented, only one article is based on qualitative research.
Introduction of Nursing Practice Problem, Purpose, and PICOT Question
Criteria Description
Introduction of Nursing Practice Problem, Purpose, and PICOT Question
- Target
Introduction includes the nursing practice problem and purpose of the essay in a comprehensive manner. The PICOT question is concise, accurately written, and includes all elements.
- Acceptable
Introduction of the nursing practice problem, purpose of the essay, or PICOT question is not included.
Background of Studies
Criteria Description
Background of Studies
- Target
Background of studies, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is thorough with substantial relevant details and an extensive explanation.
- Acceptable
Articles Support of Nursing Practice Problem
Criteria Description
Articles Support of Nursing Practice Problem
- Target
A thorough discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate strong support in answering the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles strongly compare to those identified in the PICOT question.
- Acceptable
Method of Studies
Criteria Description
Method of Studies
- Target
A thorough discussion on the method of study for each article and the comparison of study methods is presented. A benefit and a limitation of each method are presented. The discussion demonstrates a solid understanding of research methods.
- Acceptable
Results of Studies
Criteria Description
Results of Studies
- Target
A discussion of the results of each study, including key findings and implications for nursing practice, is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.
- Acceptable
Ethical Considerations
Criteria Description
Ethical Considerations
- Target
Ethical considerations when conducting nursing research is comprehensively discussed. Discussion of how the researchers accounted for ethical considerations is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.
- Acceptable
Thesis, Position, or Purpose
Criteria Description
Thesis, Position, or Purpose Communicates reason for writing and demonstrates awareness of audience.
- Target
The thesis, position, or purpose is clearly communicated throughout and clearly directed to a specific audience.
Development, Structure, and Conclusion
Criteria Description
Advances position or purpose throughout writing; conclusion aligns to and evolves from development.
- Target
The thesis, position, or purpose is logically advanced throughout. The progression of ideas is coherent and unified. A clear and logical conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose.
- Acceptable
11.84 points
The thesis, position, or purpose is advanced in most aspects. Ideas clearly build on each other. Conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose.
Evidence
Criteria Description
Selects and integrates evidence to support and advance position/purpose; considers other perspectives.
- Target
Specific and appropriate evidence is included. Relevant perspectives of others are clearly considered.
Mechanics of Writing
Criteria Description
Includes spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar, language use, sentence structure, etc.
- Target
No mechanical errors are present. Appropriate language choice and sentence structure are used throughout.
Format/Documentation
Criteria Description
Uses appropriate style, such as APA, MLA, etc., for college, subject, and level; documents sources using citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., appropriate to assignment and discipline.
- Target
NRS 433 Week 2 Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations Resources
Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice
Read Chapter 2 in Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice.
Nursing Ethical Considerations
Read “Nursing Ethical Considerations,” by Haddad and Geiger, from National Center for Biotechnology Information NCB
… Read More
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526054/
The Research Ethics Involving Vulnerable Groups
Read “The Research Ethics Involving Vulnerable Groups,” by Gonzalez-Durante, Zambrano-Gonzalez, Medina-Franco, Alberu-Gomez, Dura
… Read More
https://clinicalandtranslationalinvestigation.com/frame_esp.php?id=220
Adherence With Reporting of Ethical Standards in COVID-19 Human Studies: A Rapid Review
Read the Background and Introduction sections of “Adherence With Reporting of Ethical Standards in COVID-19 Human Studies: A Rapid Re
… Read More
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8237766/
Legal and Ethical Issues in Research
Read “Legal and Ethical Issues in Research,” by Yip, Han, and Sng, from Indian Journal of Anaesthesia(2016).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037952/
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses
Read “The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses,” by the International Council of Nurses (2021), located on the ICN website.
https://www.icn.ch/system/files/2021-10/ICN_Code-of-Ethics_EN_Web_0.pdf
Introduction to Qualitative Nursing Research: This Type of Research Can Reveal Important Information That Quantitative Research Can’t
Read “Introduction to Qualitative Nursing Research: This Type of Research Can Reveal Important Information That Quantitative Research
… Read More
https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A627597849/AONE?u=canyonuniv&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=151d6fa3
Should the Regulation of Research Misconduct Be Integrated With the Ethics Framework Promulgated in the Belmont Report?
Read “Should the Regulation of Research Misconduct Be Integrated With the Ethics Framework Promulgated in the Belmont Report?” by
… Read More
Qualitative Methods in Health Care Research
Read “Qualitative Methods in Health Care Research,” by Renjith, Yesodharan, Noronha, Ladd, and George, f
… Read More
https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.lopes.idm.oclc.org/pmc/articles/PMC8106287/
How to Appraise Qualitative Research
Read “How to Appraise Qualitative Research,” by Moorely and Cathala, from Evidence-Based Nursing (2019).
Research Ethics: What Nurses Need to Know
Read “Research Ethics: What Nurses Need to Know,” by Schroeter, from American Nurse Today (2020).
Research Critique Guidelines – Part I
Qualitative Studies
Introduction
- Introduce your nursing practice problem and discuss the purpose of your paper.
- State your PICOT question.
Background of Studies
- Summary of studies including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions.
How Do These Two Articles Support the Nursing Practice Problem You Chose?
- Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.
- Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.
Method of Studies
- State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are different.
- State one benefit and one limitation of each method you have identified.
Results of Studies
- Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs.
- What are the implications of the two studies in nursing practice?
Ethical Considerations
- Discuss two ethical considerations in conducting research.
- Describe how the researchers in the two articles you choose took these ethical considerations into account while performing their research.
Conclusion
- Your conclusion should summarize the main points in the essay, including a varied restatement of the thesis.
NRS 433 Week 3 Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Assessment Description
In this assignment, you will write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies.
Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment (or two new articles based on instructor feedback in Topic 1) to complete this assignment.
In a 1,000–1,250-word essay, summarize two quantitative studies.
Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II” document to organize your essay.
You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Attachments
NRS-433V-RS-T3-ResearchCritiqueGuid
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