NURS-FPX4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family Or Population Health Problem Solution

NURS-FPX4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution

Data gathered throughout the capstone project highlights how diabetes mellitus as a problem can be approached from the perspective of leadership, collaboration, communication, and change management to develop a solution for the problem.

Data gathered from literature and studies gave an insight into the effects of policies, quality of care, safety, costs, technology, care coordination, and community resources on diabetes mellitus and the approach to solving diabetes type 2 as a problem to the population. One of the problems associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 is poor glycemic control, which mainly results from under-testing of HbA1c, which is used as an indicator of chronic blood sugar control (CDC, 2021).

This study included patients with poor glycemic control and HbA1c levels >9%. A PowerPoint presentation highlighting how the issue of HbA1c under testing could be solved to ensure that diabetic patients can test their HbA1c levels within the recommended parameters by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) was presented to these patients (Albarrak et al., 2018). They were also educated on the factors contributing to poor blood sugar control, associated complications, solutions to the complication, and how to prevent HbA1c under testing.

Leadership and Change Management in Diabetes Management

In its essence, leadership involves influencing, motivating, and guiding a specific group of people toward a specific goal or objectives (Adams, 2018). To guide a specific group of individuals to their goals, leaders must establish clear guidelines, structures, relationships and involve the group in the activities that drive them to these goals (Adams, 2018). Therefore, communication plays a critical role in driving the vision of a given group or individual toward achieving the set goal.

Being mindful of others, being team-oriented, and encouraging the participation of others are qualities of leaders that are essential in driving a team to achieve its goals. Educating this group of patients on diabetes mellitus and how to control their blood sugar levels was critical to promoting a better health outcome. Involving them in the process of care and allowing them to set their own goals was important in ensuring the success of the interventions (Adams, 2018).

NURS-FPX4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution

According to the Great Man Theory of leadership, interpersonal skills are the best ingredient for interacting, working, and effectively communicating with individuals and team members (Adams, 2018). This theory guided the intervention development in addressing the problem of diabetes type 2 and adherence to the recommended HbA1c testing frequency and treatment. The harmful consequences of not keeping their blood sugar levels within normal ranges were explained to the selected 13 diabetic patients in an interactive group session. This was done in a simple language that the members could easily understand.

We eventually came to a consensus on how we could collaborate to attain personal and group objectives. In creating these goals and objectives, we used the SMART criterion, which stands for Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-bound (Aghera et al., 2018). This model has proven effective in fueling individuals toward achieving their goals and visions. We then held meetings between intervention times to assess whether each group member was meeting their objectives.

Throughout the intervention, individuals were allowed to make decisions and decide on possible objectives. Autonomy played an essential role in enabling each group member to achieve intrinsic goals in addition to the group goals. By explaining the importance of long-term glycemic control and testing their HbA1c within the recommended frequency, each diabetic patient was able to set their own goal that they thought was within their grasp.

Strategies for Communicating and Collaborating with the Patient

The selected patients were of the age group of 40-62 years. They had poor blood sugar control over the last year and recorded HbA1c greater than 9% in the previous HbA1c testing done. Seven of the members had manifested diabetes complications ranging from acute to chronic complications. The body mass index was also from overweight to obese. All of them had already enrolled in initiatives meant to reduce their weight, including gym sessions for exercise and dietary changes.

After interacting with them and understanding their state, complications, and progress made, we came up with three group goals: weight reduction through a healthy lifestyle and exercise, self-management to control their long-term blood sugar levels, and HbA1c testing after every six months. On exercising, we specified at least 30 minutes of moderate to intense exercise per day, five days a week, for the next three months before evaluation.

Those who could do more we also encouraged. On dietary, we advised them to maintain a 1,900 calorie diet a day. This, however, was flexible depending on their daily blood glucose levels. Additionally, diabetics who are overweight or obese have an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and, thus, poor response to medication. Weight loss, therefore, plays a vital role in reducing the risks of suffering complications associated with diabetes, such as the cardiovascular and renal effects that may result due to poorly controlled blood glucose levels (CDC, 2021).

Communication played a crucial role in effecting the intervention (Chichirez & Purcărea, 2018). Group communication and individual meetings effectively came up with the group and individual goals, respectively. The complications of poor glycemic control and its effect on the individual’s social and economic life were communicated to the group.

The group members were allowed to keep the brochures with them for future reference. Non-verbal and other kinds of verbal communication, such as visual aids, were also employed throughout the presentation and in passing the intended message over, in addition to textual communication in the form of presentations and brochures (Chichirez & Purcărea, 2018). Highlighting the parameters that need modification enables the patients to work on them effectively.

Understanding that working together and communicating is vital for achieving their goals, the patients were motivated to control their sugar levels and weight to achieve better health outcomes. According to Lander et al. (2019), actively involving patients in their care promote adherence to treatment plans, tracking their health records, and understanding their condition. Through effective communication and collaboration, we were able to develop SMART goals and strategies to control their blood sugar levels and their state of weight depending on what they view as achievable.

Policy Effects on the Development of Intervention for the Diabetic Patients

According to Oyeleye (2021), the interaction between patients and health professionals should always be guided and governed by policies. My interaction with the selected group of patients was no exception. Privacy and confidentiality are emphasized in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 (Oyeleye, 2021). This federal policy is meant to keep sensitive patient information from being shared without their permission or knowledge.

This policy influenced how I interacted with the patients and other team members during the project. The essence of individual meetings was to promote privacy and ensure that the patients could share information about their health without fear of them being disclosed to unauthorized individuals.

The Minnesota state board of nursing has rules and policies that regulate the scope of practice for registered nurses in addition to federal guidelines. The state policy allows registered nurses (RNs) to diagnose and treat patients through services like case studies, health counseling, and care provision (Lander et al., 2019). My interactions with all the patients were governed by the scope of my practice, including how I cared for them, health counseling, and diabetes patient education.

The selected patients were counseled to ensure they were emotionally and psychologically knowledgeable and stable. As per my scope, I also provided education on the necessity and methods for controlling their blood sugar levels. Finally, the proposed intervention for managing their blood sugar levels and HbA1c testing followed nursing evidence-based guidelines.

Interventions Effect on Quality of Care, Patient Safety, and Costs

Weight loss and blood sugar control are critical in the long-term management of diabetes (Shan et al., 2019). Implementing the outlined interventions, including exercising and dietary changes, is essential in weight loss for the patients. Effective long-term control of blood sugar and monitoring through testing HbA1c plays an important role in mitigating the renal, cardiovascular, and other complications associated with poor blood sugar control in diabetes (Shan et al., 2019).

Five of the selected patients had hypertension. Exercising and weight loss play an essential role in the management of hypertension. According to Albarrak et al. (2018), losing weight by even 10% improves blood pressure and body cholesterol, which is significant in managing hypertension. By removing these health issues, these individuals can live a healthier lifestyle and enhance the safety and quality of their life.

According to the (CDC, 2021), the average cost of caring for diabetic patients in the USA is about $327 billion as of 2017. The average cost per individual is about $16,752 per year (Riddle & Herman, 2018). The expense of treating diabetes-related complications is not included in this estimate. Patient welfare is conserved, and the cost of controlling diabetes is reduced dramatically per person by applying the intervention and perhaps reducing the risk of severe consequences.

Technology, Care Coordination, and Community Resources

Technology, care coordination, and community resources play a significant role in providing care (Shan et al., 2019). In the management of diabetes, there have been significant technological advancements. These advancements include insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitors, and systems that combine a pump and a monitor for algorithm-driven insulin delivery automation (Shan et al., 2019). These tools make it easy for people with diabetes to control their blood sugar levels, reducing complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes.

During health counseling of the selected patients, they were advised on the importance of these tools in controlling their blood sugar levels. Additional tools developed include monitors for caloric intake, physical activity, and software applications to identify restaurants with specified calories for consumption as required by their bodies (Shan et al., 2019).

Care coordination and community resources are essential in the management of diabetes (Whittemore et al., 2019). The use of community resources helps reduce the expensive costs incurred in the management of diabetes. They include community-based organizations, health workers, and other organizations actively aiding diabetic patients and their families (Whittemore et al., 2019). Diabetic patients are also educated on the causes, self-management, and care by community health workers (Williams et al., 2020).

Physicians and physical therapists are crucial in managing complications associated with diabetes type 2 (Shan et al., 2019). Physical therapists are also vital in keeping the population fit and diabetes patients from becoming physically unfit. Spiritual counseling should be provided to diabetics through associated religious groups and their leaders to help them become closer to their deity and live healthy emotional and spiritual life. During the intervention, I suggested the patients seek these services, which some of the patients utilized and aided in implementing the interventions.

Conclusion

Effective communication during the intervention was ensured by combining verbal and non-verbal forms of communication. Collaboration with the patients was also provided to ensure that SMART goals were set. Furthermore, the intervention was developed by carefully applying effective leadership, communication, and change management. Finally, the application of technology ensured that the patients could easily control their blood sugar levels and weight to achieve their goals.

NURS-FPX4900 Assessment 4 Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution References

Adams, D. (2018). Mastering theories of Educational Leadership and Management. University of Malaya Press. https://books.google.at/books?id=ho5xDwAAQBAJ
Aghera, A., Emery, M., Bounds, R., Bush, C., Stansfield, R. B., Gillett, B., & Santen, S. A. (2018). A randomized trial of SMART Goal Enhanced Debriefing after simulation to promote educational actions. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 19(1), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2017.11.36524
Albarrak, A. I., Mohammed, R., Assery, B., Allam, D., Morit, S. A., Saleh, R. A., & Zare’a, R. (2018). Evaluation of diabetes care management in primary clinics based on the guidelines of American Diabetes Association. International Journal of Health Sciences, 12(1), 40–44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC5870309/
CDC. (2021, December 29). Type 2 diabetes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html
Chichirez, C. M., & Purcărea, V. L. (2018). Interpersonal communication in healthcare. Journal of Medicine and Life, 11(2), 119–122. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC6101690/
Lander, J., Langhof, H., & Dierks, M.-L. (2019). Involving patients and the public in medical and health care research studies: An exploratory survey on participant recruiting and representativeness from the perspective of study authors. PloS One, 14(1), e0204187. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204187
Oyeleye, O. A. (2021). The HIPAA Privacy Rule, COVID-19, and nurses’ privacy rights. Nursing, 51(2), 11–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NURSE.0000731892.59941.a9
Riddle, M. C., & Herman, W. H. (2018). The cost of diabetes care-an elephant in the room. Diabetes Care, 41(5), 929–932. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci18-0012
Shan, R., Sarkar, S., & Martin, S. S. (2019). Digital health technology and mobile devices for the management of diabetes mellitus: state of the art. Diabetologia, 62(6), 877–887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-4864-7
Whittemore, R., Vilar-Compte, M., De La Cerda, S., Marron, D., Conover, R., Delvy, R., Lozano-Marrufo, A., & Pérez-Escamilla, R. (2019). Challenges to diabetes self-management for adults with type 2 diabetes in low-resource settings in Mexico City: a qualitative descriptive study. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(1), 133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-1035-x
Williams, J. S., Walker, R. J., & Egede, L. E. (2020). The role of family and peer support in diabetes. In Behavioral Diabetes (pp. 391–401). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33286-0_25

NURS-FPX4900 Assessment 4 Instructions: Patient, Family, or Population Health Problem Solution

Develop an intervention (your capstone project), as a solution to the patient, family, or population problem you’ve defined. Submit the proposed intervention to the faculty for review and approval. This solution needs to be implemented (shared) with your patient, family, or group. You are not to share your intervention with your patient, family, or group or move on to Assessment 5 before your faculty reviews/approves the solution you submit in Assessment 4. In a separate written deliverable, write a 5-7 page analysis of your intervention.

Instructions

Complete this assessment in two parts: (a) develop an intervention as a solution to the problem and (b) submit your proposed intervention, with a written analysis, to your faculty for review and approval.

Part 1

Develop an intervention, as a solution to the problem, based on your assessment and supported by data and scholarly, evidence-based sources.

Incorporate relevant aspects of the following considerations that shaped your understanding of the problem:

- Leadership.
- Collaboration.
- Communication.
- Change management.
- Policy.
- Quality of care.
- Patient safety.
- Costs to the system and individual.
- Technology.
- Care coordination.
- Community resources.

Part 2

Submit your proposed intervention to your faculty for review and approval.

In a separate written deliverable, write a 5–7 page analysis of your intervention.

- Summarize the patient, family, or population problem.
- Explain why you selected this problem as the focus of your project.
- Explain why the problem is relevant to your professional practice and to the patient, family, or group.

In addition, address the requirements outlined below. These requirements correspond to the scoring guide criteria for this assessment, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, note the additional requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence.

- Define the role of leadership and change management in addressing the problem.
  - Explain how leadership and change management strategies influenced the development of your proposed intervention.
  - Explain how nursing ethics informed the development of your proposed intervention.
  - Include a copy of the intervention/solution/professional product.
- Propose strategies for communicating and collaborating with the patient, family, or group to improve outcomes associated with the problem.
  - Identify the patient, family, or group.
  - Discuss the benefits of gathering their input to improve care associated with the problem.
  - Identify best-practice strategies from the literature for effective communication and collaboration to improve outcomes.
- Explain how state board nursing practice standards and/or organizational or governmental policies guided the development of your proposed intervention.
  - Cite the standards and/or policies that guided your work.
  - Describe research that has tested the effectiveness of these standards and/or policies in improving outcomes for this problem.
- Explain how your proposed intervention will improve the quality of care, enhance patient safety, and reduce costs to the system and individual.
  - Cite evidence from the literature that supports your conclusions.
  - Identify relevant and available sources of benchmark data on care quality, patient safety, and costs to the system and individual.
- Explain how technology, care coordination, and the utilization of community resources can be applied in addressing the problem.
  - Cite evidence from the literature that supports your conclusions.
- Write concisely and directly, using active voice.
- Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references.

Patient Family or Population Health Problem Solution Sample 2

Overview of the Patient Problem and the Proposed Solution

In the quest to lessen the burden of chronic illnesses, preventative care has taken precedence over curative treatment. This emphasis on preventive treatment stems from the fact that the primary risk factors for most chronic illnesses are poor lifestyle choices and poor health behaviors.

The subsequent discussion is centered on a 66-year-old Black American patient with a three-year history of hypertension. He is a long-distance truck driver who has been unable to stick to his hypertension medication due to expense and has also neglected his three-monthly outpatient clinic follow-ups. He also failed to adhere to non-pharmacological therapies (diet, physical exercise).

A telemedicine solution with a multidisciplinary team, specific goals, and a crystal-clear strategy to fulfill the objectives was presented to assist him in managing his challenges. The intervention must be backed up by strong leadership, an effective communication strategy, and a steadfast collaborative team to achieve the desired results.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of leadership and propose communication tactics for implementing the intervention. A review of telemedicine-related policies and nursing practice standards, as well as the intervention’s impact on quality, patient safety, and costs, are also covered.

Role of Leadership, Change Management, and Nursing Ethics in addressing the Problem

Leadership is critical in determining an organization’s performance and enhancing patient outcomes. Even though it is not a new technology, the fact that hospitals have just recently begun to embrace telemedicine adoption needs solid leadership behind its deployment.

Four essential leadership tactics, according to Laukka et al. (2020), are predictors of effective telemedicine implementation: training and education, identifying stakeholders and collaborative effort, physician leader role and coordination, and transparency, information sharing, and communication.

Patients must undergo a prodromal period of extensive training on how to utilize the different gadgets to promote acceptability and enthusiasm to engage in telemedicine intervention. This training is not only for patients but also for the project implementation team.

Identifying stakeholders, who in this context include physicians, nurses, pharmacists, the health informatics team, social workers, community health workers, nutritionists, exercise interactionists, and health prevention specialists, among others, provides a foundation for establishing a collaborative effort (Laukka et al., 2020). While overall leadership necessitates inter-professional and inter-sectoral collaboration, Laukka et al. (2021) argue that having physician leaders is preferable owing to their superior clinical, leadership, and research positions.

Another component that contributes to the success of telemedicine leadership is the broadcast of clear, accurate, and timely information, as well as the involvement of colleagues in decision-making.

Typically, transformation is a lengthy and painful process that needs individuals to acquire new skills, relearn old ones, or adjust existing ones. Change typically encounters tremendous opposition when individuals are not fully prepared. As a result, it is the leadership’s responsibility to identify change facilitators and change obstacles to assist the shift from traditional practice to telemedicine.

During the Covid-19 period, Kruse and Heinemann (2022) discovered that technical literacy, perceived usefulness, and organizational preparedness (finances, personnel) facilitated telemedicine adoption, while hatred for technology/technical illiteracy, patient preference for other alternatives, connectivity, and perceived cost were significant barriers.

Given that the intervention’s goal is to deliver care to patients, the devices that will be utilized must be beneficial (beneficence), not cause damage (nonmaleficence), not violate patients’ autonomy, and provide services independent of the patient’s socioeconomic characteristics (Keenan et al., 2021). Leadership, a seamless transformation, and the adoption of ethical standards provide successful intervention implementation and guarantees better patient outcomes.

Communication and Collaboration Strategies

Aside from leadership, communication and teamwork are important aspects of health project management. Mr. JM, the patient whose condition requires remedy, is a 66-year-old gentleman who falls within the elderly demographic. Elderly persons have declining strength and may have sensory deficits such as hearing and visual problems due to their age.

The initial communication method used when caring for the patient is to evaluate his level of knowledge, identify areas where he is lacking, and utilize this as a basis for establishing health education. Second, utilizing clear, precise, and unadorned prose improves patients’ comprehension of medical information (Oliveros et al., 2019). Furthermore, keeping eye contact and using affirmative gestures are unquestionably beneficial in increasing Mr. JM’s comprehension.

According to Oliveros et al. (2019), a clinician should be empathetic and act in the best interests of the patient while still maintaining honesty during communication. Because communication is a two-way process, including speaking and listening, the patient must be allowed to express himself and ask questions, and the views must be respected and used to make choices.

Besides communicating with the patient and considering his views, including his family members, is critical for achieving both patient-centered care (PCC) and family-centered care (FCC). Because of the many cultural and societal factors that may distort the family’s perception of health, the first step is to identify and debunk their misconceptions about health, followed by teaching them facts to develop a better understanding (Oliveros et al., 2019).

It is conceivably straightforward to develop a solid collaboration amongst numerous healthcare experts, patients, and families amid effective communication. However, to fortify collaboration, negotiation and respect must be considered crucial qualities.

While negotiation necessitates that care professionals develop an amicable timetable with patients and families on when to undertake activities such as health education and family visits, respect entails valuing both sides’ perspectives and integrating them into decision-making processes (Goodridge et al., 2018). The efforts of the care staff, patients, and families are all important in establishing an effective therapeutic environment.

How Nursing Practice Standards and Policies guided the Development of the Proposed Intervention

Nurses play a critical role in the deployment of telemedicine methods to patient care. Nurses are trained in clinical areas, leadership, healthcare technology, and research, which allows them to be more versatile in patient care management.

The American Nurses Association (ANA) nursing practice guidelines, which have been established to coincide with the nursing process, guide the professional practice of nurses. Nurses have a role in patient assessment by taking medical histories and doing physical examinations.

Patients with hypertension, for example, may go to the emergency room with nonspecific symptoms and, more often than not, will have nurses as their initial point of contact. Besides the assessment, nurses have a diagnostic role, which may involve blood pressure measurements and assessing if the values fall within the hypertensive range (Spies et al., 2018).

In addition, nurses determine the expected outcomes of whatever intervention is being used, plan the treatment, implement it, and evaluate the results. This compliance with the nursing process, coupled with adequate baccalaureate training, provides nurses with the ability and confidence to engage in the execution of any intervention aimed at improving patients’ outcomes and alleviating their plight.

Telemedicine is a tightly regulated intervention that provides treatment to patients, provides a platform for health education, collects data on patient vital parameters, and transmits it to care providers. Due to their usage in patient care, telemedicine tools must be designed, verified, and approved by regulatory bodies.

The Food and Drug Administration is the regulatory body in the United States that defines the standards of a telemedicine tool, and it states that telemedicine software meets the regulatory standards only if it is intended for the diagnosis, curing, or prevention of a disease, does not interfere with the function of the body and exhibits its actions in chemical-free methods (Omboni et al., 2020).

Furthermore, the American Telemedicine Association maintains a telemedicine certification program that guarantees that doctors or anybody who provides treatment through telemedicine meets the essential standards of practice, assuring patient safety and operational transparency (Omboni et al., 2020).

Moreover, compliance with HIPAA security safeguards ensures that patient health information is secured and, in addition to other regulatory organizations, offers standard guidelines to follow in the deployment of telemedicine.

How does the Proposed Intervention improve the Quality of Care, Patient Safety and Reduce Costs?

Multiple studies have linked telemedicine to several benefits, including improved patient care quality, safety, and cost-cutting. According to Omboni et al. (2020), telemedicine promotes a long-term and enduring interaction between the patient and the care provider. This connection encourages regular health education, which takes place around an amicably devised timetable between patients and care providers.

Multiple pre- and post-intervention studies on telemedicine use in the management of hypertension, as summarized in a systematic review by Hoffer-Hawlik et al. (2021), highlight the three relevant clinical blood pressure outcomes of the intervention as systolic blood pressure change, diastolic blood pressure change, and a change in the proportion of individuals who achieve the target blood pressure.

Eleven of the fourteen studies found a significant reduction in systolic or diastolic blood pressure in the telemedicine group, and eight studies found a difference-in-difference change in systolic blood pressure between the intervention and control groups, with a range as large as 13.2 mm Hg and 12.45 mm Hg to as small as 0.37 mm Hg, all statistically significant (Hoffer-Hawlik et al., 2021).

Aside from blood pressure, other cardiometabolic variables such as hemoglobin A1C and LDL cholesterol were considerably impacted. As the patient’s blood pressure and other cardiometabolic variables improve, their quality of life improves, and their safety improves since they are at a lower risk of complications and mortality.

Aside from increasing patient safety and quality of life, the intervention is also cost-effective. Dehmer et al. (2018), in an economic analysis of home blood pressure telemedicine combined with pharmacist case management of hypertension, discovered that the intervention group spent $281 less per person than the control group.

In a separate study on the cost-effectiveness of blood pressure telemonitoring, Padwal et al. (2019) discovered that telemonitoring resulted in a $1929 cost reduction and guaranteed an additional 0.83 quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Following the influence on the quality of care, patient safety, and cost reduction, healthcare practitioners feel confident in using telemedicine to manage hypertension and other chronic conditions.

Role of Technology, Care Coordination, and Community Resources in Addressing the Patient’s Problem

The recommended intervention-telemedicine indicates that technology was used to address Mr. JM’s problems. The intervention incorporates several technologies, including data collecting tools (sensor-equipped blood pressure cuffs), data transmission tools and services (Bluetooth, WI-FI), patient-provider engagement platforms such as online portals, and live audio-visual teleconferencing. An effective care coordination strategy and appropriate utilization of community resources are required to ensure a seamless implementation process and that the expected outcomes are achieved. Care coordination demands a multidisciplinary team that is aware of their duties and responsibilities, as well as their objectives, and is dedicated to meeting them while aligning the goals with the patient’s needs and preferences.

The fact that a diverse team delivers treatment, each of whom is trained in a different profession and has distinct clinical expertise, benefits both the quality of care and the safety of the patients.

Community resources may help improve patient recovery or increase engagement in health promotion activities. Community recreation facilities, such as football fields, cycling resources and grounds, the gym, and traditional food preparation events, serve as the basis upon which health preventive activities are carried out.

According to a comprehensive review by Pescatello et al. (2019), physical exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention for hypertension reduces systolic blood pressure by 5 to 17 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 2 to 10 mm Hg.

Furthermore, traditional food preparation activities promote the eating of healthy, non-junk food, which has advantages in lowering blood pressure. The research-proven credible results on the importance of community resources provide sufficient incentive to extend chronic disease management beyond the hospital’s precincts to the broader society.

Conclusion

The prevalence of chronic diseases has risen exponentially due to an aging population and an unparalleled wave of poor lifestyle choices. As the prevalence rises, current healthcare resources are stretched beyond capacity to keep up with the tide. This has resulted in a depletion of healthcare resources, prompting innovative ways to treat and strategies that utilize technology such as telemedicine.

Telemedicine has been demonstrated to be effective, particularly during Covid-19, when its use was at its highest. While studies indicate its usefulness and care providers applaud it, its execution requires a well-planned strategy carried out by a multidisciplinary team. It is, therefore, a proposal to future healthcare planners and policymakers to progressively account for and push for telemedicine-directed treatment approaches in the drive to minimize the burden of chronic illnesses.